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Grossular Garnet - a mineral with an extensive color, which is a calcium variety of pomegranate. Its colors vary in olive, green, yellow-brown, orange and pink-red shades. Stones with a pronounced gloss of glass are transparent, slightly translucent or opaque, in some cases they have a fluorescence effect with a yellow-brown glow. Calcium oxide, as well as aluminum and silicon dioxide predominate in the composition of the grossular. Concomitant chemical components in small fractions are iron, chromium, titanium and manganese. The size of crystals rarely exceeds 3-4 cm. Despite its hardness, the grossular brittle stone is susceptible to the effects of hydrochloric and sodium acid. Impurities of chemical components cause the coloring of grossular and its main varieties: leucogranate - transparent crystals, resembling a drop of water, or opaque stones, painted white; hydrogresular - a mineral with the presence in the composition of up to 5% water; tsavorit is a light green variety of grossular, gleaming in yellow; Rosolite is a rich pink mineral mined in Mexican deposits; Succinite - amber-colored grossular; Pakistani emerald - jewelry crystals of pale green hues with a pronounced brilliance; Rumyantsevit - a type of ornamental stone of pink-orange flowers; Hessonite is an affordable and original variety of grossular, which has the property to change the yellow-red tint depending on the viewing angle and distance. Grossular was first discovered in 1790 by the scientist E. Laxman on the coast of the Vilyui River, flowing in Sakha-Yakutia. The crystals found visually resembled gooseberries, so in 1808 A. Werner assigned the mineral the official name, which in Latin describes a green berry. Grossula Mineral Deposits: Grossular occurs when high-temperature interaction of alkaline magmas with dolomite and limestone rocks, occurs in calcareous skarns, less often in basalts of metamorphic origin. Grosslyar deposits spread throughout the world. In Russia, decent samples of yellow-orange color are found in the territories of the Southern and Central Urals, green crystals in the basins of the Primorsky and Krasnoyarsk Territories. The deposits of the mineral are also famous for the Murmansk region, Karelia, Sakha-Yakutia, the North Caucasus and the middle belt of Siberia. Among foreign countries, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Brazil, Mexico, the United States, Finland and Canada are famous for their high-quality global deposits. The Magical Properties of Grossular: With its energy, the grossular brings peace and quiet to its surroundings. Dark magicians cannot use his properties to cause evil to a person, so in practice they do not turn to his power. A simple man will give a contradictory feeling to the stone: peace and good spirits, calm and desire for new discoveries. It helps to clear the mind and to understand its purpose, the stone in the amulet will protect from damage, slander and the evil eye. Grossular brings harmony and mutual respect to family life, especially if both spouses have the crystal. The positive energy of the mineral extends to loved ones, but the rest of the environment, it will not allow to use the spiritual comfort of its owner. The talisman with grosslyar provides him with good luck, causes sympathy among the right people, helps to build connections. In professional activities, the mineral is useful for intellectual workers — researchers and researchers. Grossulyar promotes the development of new teachings and sciences, develops intuition and logical thinking. Medicinal properties of Grossular: One of the healing properties of the grossular, like a stone of green shades, is aimed at restoring the mental and emotional state against the background of nervous turmoil and moral exhaustion. In conjunction with silver, it has a soothing effect, relieves irritation and the sudden manifestation of rage, normalizes sleep. The influence of grossular on the vital system occurs through the decoration. For example, a pendant, pendant or necklace with green stones should be worn by people who have a tendency to heart disease. Earrings with crystals of yellow or brown shades help to cure skin diseases. Grossular or decoration with it should be carried by persons who are prone to migraine attacks due to changes in weather conditions. Stone also helps in the treatment of ophthalmologic diseases, is effectively used to restore the immune system and normalize metabolism. The crystal in contact with the palm of the hand eliminates toothache. Zodiac Signs of Grossular: The stone grossular is rightly considered an astrological talisman of universal action, since in every sign of the zodiac it develops good qualities and minimizes imperfections. The January Capricorns and Aquarius will gain luck with it, Scorpios will get rid of loneliness, Cancers and Libra will forget about melancholy and longing if they prefer crystals painted in warm colors. Taurus and Lion will also feel the beneficial effects of the mineral, become softer, learn to compromise and prudence. Key terms: specific gravity gem grossulars garnet group yellow green green in color african jade lake jaco mali garnet yellowish green aluminum garnetgreen grossular garnet garnet gemstone emerald green transvaal jade green grossular cinnamon stone aluminum garnet green grossular garnet garnet species south african calcium aluminum
Grossular Garnet - a mineral with an extensive color, which is a calcium variety of pomegranate. Its colors vary in olive, green, yellow-brown, orange and pink-red shades. Stones with a pronounced gloss of glass are transparent, slightly translucent or opaque, in some cases they have a fluorescence effect with a yellow-brown glow. Calcium oxide, as well as aluminum and silicon dioxide predominate in the composition of the grossular. Concomitant chemical components in small fractions are iron, chromium, titanium and manganese. The size of crystals rarely exceeds 3-4 cm. Despite its hardness, the grossular brittle stone is susceptible to the effects of hydrochloric and sodium acid. Impurities of chemical components cause the coloring of grossular and its main varieties: leucogranate - transparent crystals, resembling a drop of water, or opaque stones, painted white; hydrogresular - a mineral with the presence in the composition of up to 5% water; tsavorit is a light green variety of grossular, gleaming in yellow; Rosolite is a rich pink mineral mined in Mexican deposits; Succinite - amber-colored grossular; Pakistani emerald - jewelry crystals of pale green hues with a pronounced brilliance; Rumyantsevit - a type of ornamental stone of pink-orange flowers; Hessonite is an affordable and original variety of grossular, which has the property to change the yellow-red tint depending on the viewing angle and distance. Grossular was first discovered in 1790 by the scientist E. Laxman on the coast of the Vilyui River, flowing in Sakha-Yakutia. The crystals found visually resembled gooseberries, so in 1808 A. Werner assigned the mineral the official name, which in Latin describes a green berry. Grossula Mineral Deposits: Grossular occurs when high-temperature interaction of alkaline magmas with dolomite and limestone rocks, occurs in calcareous skarns, less often in basalts of metamorphic origin. Grosslyar deposits spread throughout the world. In Russia, decent samples of yellow-orange color are found in the territories of the Southern and Central Urals, green crystals in the basins of the Primorsky and Krasnoyarsk Territories. The deposits of the mineral are also famous for the Murmansk region, Karelia, Sakha-Yakutia, the North Caucasus and the middle belt of Siberia. Among foreign countries, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Brazil, Mexico, the United States, Finland and Canada are famous for their high-quality global deposits. The Magical Properties of Grossular: With its energy, the grossular brings peace and quiet to its surroundings. Dark magicians cannot use his properties to cause evil to a person, so in practice they do not turn to his power. A simple man will give a contradictory feeling to the stone: peace and good spirits, calm and desire for new discoveries. It helps to clear the mind and to understand its purpose, the stone in the amulet will protect from damage, slander and the evil eye. Grossular brings harmony and mutual respect to family life, especially if both spouses have the crystal. The positive energy of the mineral extends to loved ones, but the rest of the environment, it will not allow to use the spiritual comfort of its owner. The talisman with grosslyar provides him with good luck, causes sympathy among the right people, helps to build connections. In professional activities, the mineral is useful for intellectual workers — researchers and researchers. Grossulyar promotes the development of new teachings and sciences, develops intuition and logical thinking. Medicinal properties of Grossular: One of the healing properties of the grossular, like a stone of green shades, is aimed at restoring the mental and emotional state against the background of nervous turmoil and moral exhaustion. In conjunction with silver, it has a soothing effect, relieves irritation and the sudden manifestation of rage, normalizes sleep. The influence of grossular on the vital system occurs through the decoration. For example, a pendant, pendant or necklace with green stones should be worn by people who have a tendency to heart disease. Earrings with crystals of yellow or brown shades help to cure skin diseases. Grossular or decoration with it should be carried by persons who are prone to migraine attacks due to changes in weather conditions. Stone also helps in the treatment of ophthalmologic diseases, is effectively used to restore the immune system and normalize metabolism. The crystal in contact with the palm of the hand eliminates toothache. Zodiac Signs of Grossular: The stone grossular is rightly considered an astrological talisman of universal action, since in every sign of the zodiac it develops good qualities and minimizes imperfections. The January Capricorns and Aquarius will gain luck with it, Scorpios will get rid of loneliness, Cancers and Libra will forget about melancholy and longing if they prefer crystals painted in warm colors. Taurus and Lion will also feel the beneficial effects of the mineral, become softer, learn to compromise and prudence. Key terms: specific gravity gem grossulars garnet group yellow green green in color african jade lake jaco mali garnet yellowish green aluminum garnetgreen grossular garnet garnet gemstone emerald green transvaal jade green grossular cinnamon stone aluminum garnet green grossular garnet garnet species south african calcium aluminum
Diamonds & Gemstones a-The Anatomy of a Diamond: b- The 4 C's: COLOR:One factor that determines the value of a diamond is its color. With the exception of fancy-coloreddiamonds, the most valuable diamonds are those with the least color. Although many people think ofgem quality diamonds as colorless, completely colorless diamonds are very rare. The diamond colorscale ranges from D (colorless) to Z (light yellow or brown). A diamond's color is determined by a manualprocess of comparing the diamond to a master set. Each letter grade represents a range of color and isa measurement of how noticeable a color is.When diamonds are formed with traces of other minerals, rare and beautiful colors can result. These“fancy” colors range from blue and brilliant yellow to red, brown, pale green, pink, and violet. Becauseof their rarity, colored diamonds are highly desirable and typically more valuable. CLARITY: A diamond’s clarity is measured by the existence or absence of visible flaws. Tiny surface blemishesor internal inclusions, even those seen only under magnification, can alter the brilliance of the diamondand thus affect its value. Clarity levels begin with flawless (FL, IF), followed by very, very slight(VVS1, VVS2), very slight (VS1, VS2), slightly included (SI1, SI2), and included (I1, I2, and I3). CUT: While cut does include shape, in terms of the 4 Cs it refers to the proportions of the cut.A diamond’s cut grade is an objective measure of a diamond’s light performance, or the amount ofsparkle a diamond has.A diamond’s overall proportions, as well as the size and position of its facets, make up the cut. Theconsistency and balance of these can greatly affect how the stone captures light and reflects itback to the eye. When a diamond is cut with the proper proportions, light enters the diamond andis returned through the top of the diamond. If a diamond is too shallow, light will escape from thebottom of the stone. If it is cut too deep, light will escape out the sides.Studies have been conducted to find the optimum proportions of a diamond’s cut so that it has thegreatest amount of sparkle. If its cut falls within these parameters, it is considered an ideal cut.Diamonds with fine proportions, symmetry and polish optimize their interaction with light and haveincreased brilliance, dispersion, and scintillation. CARAT:Carat refers to a diamond's weight. One carat, the traditional unit of measurement for diamonds, isapproximately 0.2 grams. You may also hear the weight of a diamond referred to in points. One caratis equivalent to 100 points, so a 75-point diamond is equal to 0.75 carats. Because they are rarer,larger diamonds have greater value per carat, so the price of a diamond rises exponentially to itssize. c-The Stone Shapes: d-The Stone Cuts: d-The Diamond Size Chart:
Diamonds & Gemstones a-The Anatomy of a Diamond: b- The 4 C's: COLOR:One factor that determines the value of a diamond is its color. With the exception of fancy-coloreddiamonds, the most valuable diamonds are those with the least color. Although many people think ofgem quality diamonds as colorless, completely colorless diamonds are very rare. The diamond colorscale ranges from D (colorless) to Z (light yellow or brown). A diamond's color is determined by a manualprocess of comparing the diamond to a master set. Each letter grade represents a range of color and isa measurement of how noticeable a color is.When diamonds are formed with traces of other minerals, rare and beautiful colors can result. These“fancy” colors range from blue and brilliant yellow to red, brown, pale green, pink, and violet. Becauseof their rarity, colored diamonds are highly desirable and typically more valuable. CLARITY: A diamond’s clarity is measured by the existence or absence of visible flaws. Tiny surface blemishesor internal inclusions, even those seen only under magnification, can alter the brilliance of the diamondand thus affect its value. Clarity levels begin with flawless (FL, IF), followed by very, very slight(VVS1, VVS2), very slight (VS1, VS2), slightly included (SI1, SI2), and included (I1, I2, and I3). CUT: While cut does include shape, in terms of the 4 Cs it refers to the proportions of the cut.A diamond’s cut grade is an objective measure of a diamond’s light performance, or the amount ofsparkle a diamond has.A diamond’s overall proportions, as well as the size and position of its facets, make up the cut. Theconsistency and balance of these can greatly affect how the stone captures light and reflects itback to the eye. When a diamond is cut with the proper proportions, light enters the diamond andis returned through the top of the diamond. If a diamond is too shallow, light will escape from thebottom of the stone. If it is cut too deep, light will escape out the sides.Studies have been conducted to find the optimum proportions of a diamond’s cut so that it has thegreatest amount of sparkle. If its cut falls within these parameters, it is considered an ideal cut.Diamonds with fine proportions, symmetry and polish optimize their interaction with light and haveincreased brilliance, dispersion, and scintillation. CARAT:Carat refers to a diamond's weight. One carat, the traditional unit of measurement for diamonds, isapproximately 0.2 grams. You may also hear the weight of a diamond referred to in points. One caratis equivalent to 100 points, so a 75-point diamond is equal to 0.75 carats. Because they are rarer,larger diamonds have greater value per carat, so the price of a diamond rises exponentially to itssize. c-The Stone Shapes: d-The Stone Cuts: d-The Diamond Size Chart:
Neckwear a- Neckwear Styles: b- Pendant Styles: c- Chain Styles: d- Clasp Assembly: e- Clasp Styles:
Neckwear a- Neckwear Styles: b- Pendant Styles: c- Chain Styles: d- Clasp Assembly: e- Clasp Styles:
Rings a-The Anatomy of a Ring: b-Shank Styles: c-Ring Profile: d-Ring Styles: e-Bridal Sets: f-Prong Styles: g-Setting Styles:
Rings a-The Anatomy of a Ring: b-Shank Styles: c-Ring Profile: d-Ring Styles: e-Bridal Sets: f-Prong Styles: g-Setting Styles:
1-Round Diamond Carats to Millimeters Conversion Chart: By using the information below, you can measure the weight of your diamond by measuring its diameter, assured that it has normal proportions. Some diamonds have proportions that are not optimal. Having a diamond with high depth ratio is not advised due to that same reason. Those diamonds usually have small table measurements, making them reflecting less brilliance. 2-Weights and Measurements Conversion Chart: Below chart helps you convert different weights. European weight system is based on grams and kilos while troy weight is used in U.S.A. Pennyweight (Or Deadweight) is the most common weight scale used among American jewelers. 3-Metal Gauge Conversion Chart: The following chart helps you identify how thick is your pendants such as dog tags, name plates etc. As the gauge becomes smaller, they become tinier and easier to bend. Pendants with thicker gauge is heavier, more costly but they are sturdier. We advise our customers who wish to buy dog tags to choose the thickest gauge options we stock.. 4- Gemstone Hardness Scale and Specific Gravity: Every gemstone has different hardness. Some may be easily broken or carved while some cannot have scratches even. The following chart displays the hardness of major gemstones in terms of Mohs scale. 5-Metal Hardness and Specific Gravity: Metals composition elements let them have different hardness grades. The following chart displays hardness and density of major metal types used in jewelry manufacturing. Osmium (not listed above) is the element in the world with highest density. Symbol Os is a transition metal having an atomic number of 76, an atomic weight of 190.23 g / mol, a melting point of 3045.0 ° C, and a boiling point of 5027.0 ° C. It has the property of being the heaviest density metal known at room temperature with 22.59 g / cm³. It is silverish color.The name of the element osmium is called osmë, which means the Greek smell. It is rarely used purely because osmium oxide is poisonous. It is usually used in alloys. The most commonly used things are used in the construction of phonograph needles, fountain pen tips and the like.A look at the weight is also a density. Mass is the volume ratio of mass as it is known. Unit is g / cm³. When the elements are weighed and compared in term
1-Round Diamond Carats to Millimeters Conversion Chart: By using the information below, you can measure the weight of your diamond by measuring its diameter, assured that it has normal proportions. Some diamonds have proportions that are not optimal. Having a diamond with high depth ratio is not advised due to that same reason. Those diamonds usually have small table measurements, making them reflecting less brilliance. 2-Weights and Measurements Conversion Chart: Below chart helps you convert different weights. European weight system is based on grams and kilos while troy weight is used in U.S.A. Pennyweight (Or Deadweight) is the most common weight scale used among American jewelers. 3-Metal Gauge Conversion Chart: The following chart helps you identify how thick is your pendants such as dog tags, name plates etc. As the gauge becomes smaller, they become tinier and easier to bend. Pendants with thicker gauge is heavier, more costly but they are sturdier. We advise our customers who wish to buy dog tags to choose the thickest gauge options we stock.. 4- Gemstone Hardness Scale and Specific Gravity: Every gemstone has different hardness. Some may be easily broken or carved while some cannot have scratches even. The following chart displays the hardness of major gemstones in terms of Mohs scale. 5-Metal Hardness and Specific Gravity: Metals composition elements let them have different hardness grades. The following chart displays hardness and density of major metal types used in jewelry manufacturing. Osmium (not listed above) is the element in the world with highest density. Symbol Os is a transition metal having an atomic number of 76, an atomic weight of 190.23 g / mol, a melting point of 3045.0 ° C, and a boiling point of 5027.0 ° C. It has the property of being the heaviest density metal known at room temperature with 22.59 g / cm³. It is silverish color.The name of the element osmium is called osmë, which means the Greek smell. It is rarely used purely because osmium oxide is poisonous. It is usually used in alloys. The most commonly used things are used in the construction of phonograph needles, fountain pen tips and the like.A look at the weight is also a density. Mass is the volume ratio of mass as it is known. Unit is g / cm³. When the elements are weighed and compared in term